Sentence Correction

The use of gravity waves

2009-07-05T14:14:00.002+05:30

Question:

The use of gravity waves, which do not interact with matter in the way electromagnetic waves do, hopefully will enable astronomers to study the actual formation of black holes and neutron stars.

(A) in the way electromagnetic waves do, hopefully will enable
(B) in the way electromagnetic waves do, will, it is hoped, enable
(C) like electromagnetic waves, hopefully will enable
(D) like electromagnetic waves, would enable, hopefully
(E) such as electromagnetic waves do, will, it is hoped, enable

The modernization program for the steel

2009-07-05T14:06:00.003+05:30

Question:

The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980’s.

(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980’s.

(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980’s and cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

An unusually strong cyclist

2009-07-05T13:45:00.000+05:30

An unusually strong cyclist can, it is hoped, provide enough power to set a new distance record for human-powered aircraft in MIT's diaphanous construction of graphite fiber and plastic.

(A) can, it is hoped, provide enough power to set
(B) it is hoped, can provide enough power that will set
(C) hopefully can provide enough power, this will set
(D) is hopeful to set
(E) hopes setting

Hispanics

2009-07-04T21:17:00.000+05:30

In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
A. In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
B. Of the Californians under the age of eighteen, today more than 43 percent of them are Hispanic, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
C. Today, more than 43 percent of Californians under the age of eighteen are Hispanic, compared with about 35 percent a decade ago.
D. Today, compared to a decade ago, Californians who are Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, whereas it was about 35 percent.
E. Today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen in California account for more than 43 percent, unlike a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.

Climatic shifts are so gradual as

2009-07-04T20:52:00.000+05:30

Climatic shifts are so gradual as to be indistinguishable at first from ordinary fluctuations in the weather.

(A) so gradual as to be indistinguishable
(B) so gradual they can be indistinguishable
(C) so gradual that they are unable to be distinguished
(D) gradual enough not to be distinguishable
(E) gradual enough so that one cannot distinguish them

'would have' vs 'had'

2009-07-04T20:37:00.001+05:30

Many of us bemoan our lack of foresight by complaining that if we would have bought property twenty years ago, we could have taken advantage of the recent real estate boom.

A. by complaining that if we would have bought property twenty years ago, we could have taken advantage of the recent real estate boom
B. , looking backward to a potential property purchase twenty years ago and wishing we had done so for present purposes
C. : with real estate available so cheaply twenty years ago, the advantages of the recent boom would be ours for the asking
D. , complaining that if we had bought property twenty years ago, we could have taken advantage of the recent real estate boom
E. , the complaint being our lack of purchasing property twenty years ago and the consequent absence of profit in the recent real estate boom

The caterpillar of the geometrid moth strikes

2009-07-04T17:44:00.001+05:30

The caterpillar of the Geometrid moth strikes when special tactile hairs on its
body are disturbed, after capturing its prey, holds the victim so that it cannot
escape.
(A) strikes when special tactile hairs on its body are disturbed,
(B) striking when special tactile hairs on its body are disturbed, but
(C) which strikes when special tactile hairs on its body are disturbed,
(D) which, striking when special tactile hairs on its body are disturbed,
(E) strikes when special tactile hairs on its body are disturbed and,

The investigations of many psychologists and anthropologists

2009-07-04T16:18:00.000+05:30

The investigations of many psychologists and anthropologists support the generalization of there being little that is a significant difference in the underlying mental processes manifested by people from different cultures.
(A) of there being little that is a significant difference
(B) of there being little that is significantly different
(C) of little that is significantly different
(D) that there is little that is significantly different
(E) that there is little of significant differences

One report concludes that many

2009-07-04T16:12:00.001+05:30

One report concludes that many schools do not have, or likely to have, enough computers to use them effectively.
(A) or
(B) nor
(C) or are
(D) nor are they
(E) nor are not

People in the Philippines uses Englog

2009-05-02T20:41:00.000+05:30

People in the Philippines uses Englog, an informal type of English merged with Tagalog words. The most commonly spoken form of Englog is called Konyo English.

A. uses Englog, an informal type of English merged with Tagalog words; the most commonly spoken form of Englog
B. use Englog, an informal type of English merged with Tagalog words, the most commonly spoken form of which
C. use Englog, an informal type of English merged with Tagalog words, the most commonly spoken form of them
D. uses Englog, an informal type of English merged with Tagalog words, the most commonly spoken form of which
E. use Englog, an informal type of English merged with Tagalog words; the most commonly spoken form of Englog

A land-use planning institute in the Great Plains

2009-05-02T20:28:00.000+05:30

A land-use planning institute in the Great Plains cites sharp declines in population and prosperity, marked by a 50-percent decrease in the population of some cities and by an equivalent decrease in the median income throughout the region, as major reasons to set aside the area they call the Plains Commons reserve.

A)as major reasons to set aside the area they call
B)that are the major reasons to set aside the area they call
C)as the major reason to set aside the area it calls
D)that is the major reason to set aside the area called
E)as major reasons to set aside the area it calls

An attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment

2009-05-02T20:23:00.000+05:30

An attempt to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago, has been unsuccessful despite efforts by many important groups, including the National Organization for Women.

A) to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago
B) begun almost two decades ago, for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment
C) begun for ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment almost two decades ago
D) at ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment, begun almost two decades ago
E) that has begun almost two decades ago to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment

the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza

2009-05-02T19:51:00.000+05:30

In late 1997,the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors fo cleaning and repairing due to moisture exhaled by tourists,which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing in the walls.

A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists,which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing
B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled,thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize.

C) because tourists were exhaling moisture,which had raised the humidity within then to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize.
D)because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to mke the salt fron the stone crystallize.

E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing.

Several years ago the diet industry introduced a variety

2009-04-12T07:51:00.001+05:30

Several years ago the diet industry introduced a variety of appetite suppressants, but some of these drugs caused stomach disorders severe enough to have them banned by the Food and Drug Administration.

A stomach disorders severe enough to have them
B stomach disorders that were severe enough so they were
C stomach disorders of such severity so as to be
D such severe stomach disorders that they were
E such severe stomach disorders as to be

A few metallic objects on the Sea of

2009-01-07T10:10:00.001+05:30

A few metallic objects on the Sea of Tranquillity are all that remain of the Apollo XI lunar module, which in July, 1969, became the first spaceship to carry men to the moon.

(A) became the first spaceship to carry
(B) was the first spaceship carrying
(C) was the first spaceship that carried
(D) is the first spaceship that has carried
(E) became the first spaceship, carrying

Many criminologists argue that a substantial increase

2009-01-07T09:55:00.002+05:30

Many criminologists argue that a substantial increase in the number of police personnel "walking the beat" should lead to lowering rates of crime, as well as lowering fears about public safety, a surge in public confidence in the police, and a lessening of the economic burden of street crime.

(A) lowering rates of crime, as well as lowering fears about public safety
(B) a lowering of crime rates and of fears about public safety
(C) a lowering of crime rates, along with fears about public safety
(D) crime rates being lowered, along with fears about public safety
(E) crime rates and fears about public safety being lowered, with

Because the Supreme Court has ruled

2009-01-07T09:37:00.001+05:30

Because the Supreme Court has ruled that the prosecution in a job discrimination case must prove not only that the employer lied about the reasons for dismissal but also that those reasons were discriminatory, plaintiffs in such cases fear that they will have no higher court that they can appeal to when their cases are decided in lower courts.

(A) that they can appeal to when their cases are
(B) to which to appeal after their cases have been
(C) for appealing if their case has been
(D) to which they can appeal if their case is
(E) that their cases can appeal, if they have been

Poor weather in early 14th-century

2009-01-05T03:17:00.001+05:30

Poor weather in early 14th-century Europe created meager harvests, causing the result of mass starvation in some areas and the elimination of as many as 15 percent of the population.

A causing the result of mass starvation in some areas and the elimination as many as
B causing the result of mass starvation in some areas and eliminating as much as
C resulting in mass starvation in some areas and the elimination of as much as
D and resulted in mass starvation in some areas and the elimination of as many as
E causing mass starvation in some areas and the elimination of as many as

Factories in southern states

2008-10-27T04:43:00.003+05:30

Factories in southern states like Georgia and Mississippi employed more than 300,000 workers in the late nineteenth century, but they were driven out of business by increasing federal taxes as well as a labor supply that migrated north in the hope of finding better wages.

a) Factories in southern states like Georgia and Mississippi employed more than 300,000 workers in the late nineteenth century, but they
b) More than 300,000 worker had been employed by factories in southern states such as Georgia and Missisipi in the late ninetheen century, but they
c)In the late ninetheen century, more than 300,000 workers were employed by factories in southern states such as Georgia and Missisipi, but they
d) More than 300,000 workers had been employed by factories in southern states like Georgia and Missisipi in the late ninetheen century, but these factories
e) Factories in southern states such as Georgia and Missisipi employed more than 300,000 workers in the late century, but these factories

Unlike other arachnids

2008-10-27T04:32:00.001+05:30

Unlike other arachnids, which have their nerve cells evenly distributed along their bodies, the scorpion nerve cells are clustered in its head, like a mammal's.
(A) bodies, the scorpion nerve cells are clustered in its head, like a mammal's
(B) bodies, the scorpion's head had a cluster of nerve cells, as a mammal does
(C) body, the scorpion has a cluster of nerve cells in its head, as a mammal does
(D) body, nerve cells are clustered in the scorpion's head, like a mammal's
(E) body, a cluster of nerve cells is in the scorpion's head, like a mammal's

Many investors base their

2008-10-27T04:21:00.001+05:30

Many investors base their choice between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields to the dividends available on common stocks.

A between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields to
B among bonds and stocks on comparisons of bond yields to
C between bonds and stocks on comparisons of bond yields with
D among bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields and
E between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields with

Many of them chiseled

2008-10-27T04:16:00.000+05:30

Many of them chiseled from solid rock centuries ago, the mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with hundreds of monasteries.

A Many of them chiseled from solid rock centuries ago, the mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with hundreds of monasteries.

B Chiseled from solid rock centuries ago, the mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with many hundreds of monasteries.

C Hundreds of monasteries, many of them chiseled from solid rock centuries ago, are dotting the mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia.

D The mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with hundreds of monasteries, many of which are chiseled from solid rock centuries ago.

E The mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with hundreds of monasteries, many of them chiseled from solid rock centuries ago.

Written in ink or engraved by stylus

2008-10-27T04:14:00.000+05:30

Written in ink or engraved by stylus, more than 2,000 letters and documents on wooden tablets excavated at the site of the old roman fort at vindolanda in northern England are yielding a historical account of the military garrison in the first and second centuries that are so vivid in their details about personal life as they are from Pompeii

A. are so vivid in their details about personal life as they ate
B. are as vivid in their details of personal life as those gathered
C. is as vivid in their detail about personal life as that gathered
D. is as vivid in its details of personal life as that gathered
E. is so vivid in its details of personal life as is that

Widespread belief

2008-10-19T19:25:00.004+05:30

There is a widespread belief in the United States and Western Europe that young people have a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents and that the source of the change lies in the collapse of the "work ethic."

(A) a smaller commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents
(B) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents
(C) a smaller commitment to work and a career than that of their parents and grandparents
(D) less of a commitment to work and a career than their parents and grandparents had
(E) a lessening of the commitment to work and a career that their parents and grandparents had

The Bridge of Trinquetaille

2008-10-19T19:21:00.001+05:30

In June of 1987, The Bridge of Trinquetaille, Vincent Van Gogh's view of an iron bridge over the Rhone sold for $20.2 million and it was the second highest price ever paid for a painting at auction.

A) Rhone sold for $20.2 million and it was
B) Rhone, which sold for $20.2 million, was
C) Rhone, was sold for $20.2 million,
D) Rhone was sold for $20.2 million, being
E) Rhone, sold for $20.2, and was

Tax dispute

2008-10-19T19:19:00.001+05:30

The complex tax dispute between the Covered Bridge Mall and Harris Township is not likely to be adjudicated for several years, and, in the meantime, both sides are intent on creating difficulties for the other.

(A) both sides are intent on creating difficulties for the other
(B) both sides are intent on creating difficulties for each other
(C) each side is intent on creating difficulties for the other
(D) each side is intent on creating difficulties for one another
(E) the sides are both intent on creating difficulties for each other

Minority graduates

2008-10-19T19:12:00.000+05:30

According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the association of american medical colleges, minority graduates are nearly 4 times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice in socieconomically deprived areas

a. minority graduates are nearly 4 times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice
b. minority graduates are nearly 4 times moe likley than other grads who plan on practicing
c. minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing
d. it is nearly four times more likely that minority graduates rather than other graduates will plan to practice
e. it is nearly four times as likely for minority graduates than other graduates to plan to practice

Descended from a single female ancestor

2008-10-19T19:04:00.001+05:30

According to scientists at the University of California, the pattern of changes that have occurred in human DNA over the millennia indicate the possibility that everyone alive today might be descended from a single female ancestor who lived in Africa sometime between 140,000 and 280,000 years ago.

(A) indicate the possibility that everyone alive today might be descended from a single female ancestor who
(B) indicate that everyone alive today might possibly be a descendant of a single female ancestor who had
(C) may indicate that everyone alive today has descended from a single female ancestor who had
(D) indicates that everyone alive today may be a descendant of a single female ancestor who
(E) indicates that everyone alive today might be a descendant from a single female ancestor who

the Philological Society launched

2008-10-19T19:01:00.001+05:30

In 1860, the Philological Society launched its effort to create a dictionary more comprehensive than the world had ever seen; although the project would take more than 60 years to complete, the Oxford English Dictionary had been born.

A) would take more than 60 years to complete, the Oxford English Dictionary had been
B) took more than 60 years to complete, the Oxford English Dictionary was
C) would take more than 60 years to complete, the Oxford English Dictionary was being
D) would take more than 60 years to complete, the Oxford English Dictionary was
E) took more than 60 years to complete, the Oxford English Dictionary was about to be

The exhibition of art from Nubians

2008-10-17T01:54:00.001+05:30

The exhibition of art from Nubians, the site of a Black civilization that goes back to the fourth millennium B.C., makes clear the Nubians combined artistic elements from Egypt to that of sub-Saharan Africa.

(A) the Nubians combined artistic elements from Egypt to that
(B) that the Nubians combined artistic elements from Egypt to that
(C) the Nubians combined artistic elements from Egypt with that
(D) that the Nubians combined artistic elements from Egypt with those
(E) that Nubians combined artistic elements from Egypt and those

Cell Phone cause brain tumors

2008-10-13T03:57:00.000+05:30

The relationship between cell phone use and the incidence of brain tumors is still unclear, this is because some studies show a causal relationship while others do not.

a) is still unclear, this is because some studies show
b) is still unclear; some studies show
c) are still unclear because some studies show
d) is still unclear because: some studies show
E) is still unclear; the reason is that some studies show

Unearthed in China

2008-10-12T19:43:00.001+05:30

Unearthed in China , fossils of feathered dinosaurs offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds.

A. offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds

B. offer evidence more dramatic than what has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds

C. offer more dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship than any yet discovered between dinosaurs and birds

D. have offered the most dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds that have yet been discovered

E. have offered more dramatic evidence than any that has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds

Low Shrubs

2008-10-12T19:32:00.001+05:30

Covered with low shrubs, the quality of the land along the seashore is sandy and unsuitable for agricultural use.

a) Covered with low shrubs, the quality of the land along the seashore is sandy and unsuitable for agricultural use.
b) Coverd with low shrubs, the land along the seashore is sandy and unsuitable for agriculture
c) The land along the seashore, covered with low shrubs, is sandy and has a quality unsuitable for agricultural use
d) the land along the seashore is covered with low shrubs, sandy and is unsuitable for agriculture
e) The quality of the land along the seashore, covered with low shrubs, is sandy and unsuitable for agricultural use.

the problems faced by rural migrant workers

2008-10-12T19:29:00.000+05:30

In assessing the problems faced by rural migrant workers, the question of whether they are better off materially than the urban working poor is irrelevant.

A In assessing the problems faced by rural migrant workers, the question of whether they are better off materially than the urban working poor is irrelevant.
B The question of whether the rural migrant worker is better off materially than the urban working poor is irrelevant in assessing the problems that they face.
C A question that is irrelevant in assessing the problems that rural migrant workers face is whether they are better off materially than the urban working poor.
D In an assessment of the problems faced by rural migrant workers, the question of whether they are better off materially than the urban working poor is irrelevant.
E The question of whether the rural migrant worker is better off materially than the urban working poor is irrelevant in an assessment of the problems that they face.

Red Shift

2008-10-12T19:27:00.001+05:30

In astronomy the term “red shift” denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth.

1. to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
2. to which light from a distant galaxy has shifted
3. that light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
4. of light from a distant galaxy shifting
5. of the shift of light from a distant galaxy

Moving pearls

2008-10-08T04:29:00.002+05:30

Moving pearls

More than thirty years ago Dr. Barbara McClintock, the Nobel Prize winner, reported that genes can "jump," as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another.

(A) as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another
(B) like pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another
(C) as pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others
(D) like pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others
(E) as do pearls that move mysteriously from one necklace to some other one

Sales

2008-10-07T07:47:00.000+05:30

Sales

As the housing affordability gap widens, middle-income families are especially hard-hit, and these families can no longer qualify to buy homes, and rising rental rates force them to use far more than the standard 25 percent of their incomes for housing, leaving them with no equity or tax write-offs to offset the expenditures.

(A) and these families can no longer qualify to buy homes, and
(B) since these families can no longer afford to buy homes, furthermore
(C) for these families can no longer afford to buy homes, yet
(D) and these families can no longer afford to buy homes; however,
(E) and these families can no longer afford to buy homes, for

Heart

2008-10-07T03:16:00.000+05:30

A peculiar feature of the embryonic mammalian circulatory system is that in the area of the heart the cells adhere to one another, beating in unison and adopting specialized orientations exclusive of one another.

(A) beating in unison and adopting
(B) they beat in unison while adopting
(C) beat in unison, and adopt
(D) beating in unison yet adopting
(E) even though they beat in unison and adopt

Coyotes

2008-10-05T03:21:00.000+05:30

Question 4: Coyotes

Although films about the American West depict coyotes as solitary animals howling mournfully on the tops of distant hills, in reality these gregarious creatures live in stable groups that occupy the same territory for long periods.

(A) films about the American West depict coyotes as solitary animals howling mournfully on the tops of distant hills
(B) in films about the American West coyotes are depicted to be solitary animals that howl mournfully on the tops of distant hills
(C) coyotes are depicted as solitary animals howling mournfully on the tops of distant hills in films about the American West
(D) films about the American West depict coyotes as if they were solitary, mournfully howling animals on the tops of distant hills
(E) films about the American West depict coyotes to be solitary and mournfully howling animals on the tops of distant hills

Manchu Power

2008-10-05T02:36:00.000+05:30

Question 3: Manchu Power

At the height of Manchu power, the situation was not unlike that which can exist between a superpower and a satellite or protectorate, and therefore one which, though politically significant, does not extinguish the independent existence of the weaker state.

A. the situation was not unlike that which can exist between a superpower and a satellite or protectorate
B. the situation was not unlike between a superpower to a satellite or protectorate
C. the situation was like between a superpower to a satellite or protectorate
D. there was a situation which was like that which can exist between a superpower and a satellite or protectorate
E. the situation was as that which can exist between a superpower to a satellite or protectorate

Answers

2008-10-03T01:47:00.001+05:30

Answer 1: (C)

Reason to drop (A) is that it seems that clouds (because clouds is the subject in first phrase) will be condense into tiny droplets whereas in reality evaporated water should condensed. This ambiguity is removed in option (C).

Therefore choose (C).

Answer 2: (E)

Option (A) is wrong because of incorrect formation. The correct IDIOM is from X to Y, where both X and Y should belong to same category of parts of speech.

So in current scenario,

X = the same task
Y = establishing hierarchy OR the establishment of hierarchy

Now here X is NOUN, so Y should also be NOUN, therefore choose "the establishment of hierarchy", which NOUN, whereas "establishing hierarchy" is gerund.

Therefore, choose (E).

Answer 3: (A)

A. Correct comparison between two nouns (i.e. one situation with another) and correct usage of Idiom UNLIKE X Y where X = that and Y = which.
B. Wrong usage of Idiom UNLIKE X Y. Also comparing wrong things. Wrong usage of Idiom BETWEEN X and Y.
C. Same as (B).
D. Wordy.
E. AS is used instead of LIKE. AS should be used to compare verbs instead of nouns.

Answer 4 and so on are posted as comment with in the question's post.

According to anthropologists

2008-10-03T01:46:00.001+05:30

Question 2:
According to anthropologists, the use of human language covers a wide spectrum from practical communication between people engaged in the same task to establishing hierarchy within a social group.

a)practical communication between people engaged in the same task to establishing hierarchy

b)communicating practically between people engaging in the same task to the establishment of hierarchy

c)practical communication between people engaged in the same task to the establishing of hierarchy

d)communicating practically between people engaging in the same task to hierarchy established

e)practical communication between people engaged in the same task to the establishment of hierarchy

Clouds

2008-10-03T01:41:00.000+05:30

Question:

Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans’ water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

A. Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans’ water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

B. Clouds form by the Sun’s warmth evaporating the water in the oceans, which rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

C. Warmed by the Sun, ocean water evaporates, rises high into the atmosphere, and condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust to form clouds.

D. The water in the oceans evaporates, warmed by the Sun, rises high into the atmosphere, and condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust, which forms clouds.

E. Ocean water, warmed by the Sun, evaporates and rises high into the atmosphere, which then condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust to form as clouds.

A good note on parallelism

2008-10-02T23:42:00.001+05:30

Note on parallelism

IDIOMS with Example

2008-10-02T08:51:00.001+05:30

This post contains the list of IDIOM with specific example links. New IDIOM will be added with learning.

DT: 2nd Oct 2008

Difficulties doing something. (difficulties in doing something: wrong)

DT: 17th Oct 2008

AID IN (doing something) or followed by verb.
AID TO (Someone) or followed by noun.

Rule for using HAS HAD/HAD HAD

2008-10-02T08:36:00.000+05:30

Source: Princeton GMAT Online test

Question 1:
Announcing that it had had difficulties reaching a decision because of a lack of data, the panel of scientists said it would not meet again until next year.

A) it had had difficulties reaching
B) it has had difficulties in reaching
C) it had been finding it difficult in reaching
D) they had difficulties reaching
E) they had been finding it difficult to reach

What is the rule when one want to make a distinction on whether to use has had or had had ?

Answer:

has had is present perfect, and is thus, fundamentally, a present-tense construction
had had is past perfect, and is thus, fundamentally, a past-tense construction.

In this type of question, to select between has/had had, we have to see the later part of the sentence. In current situation, panel's statements are in past tense (...it would meet again). Hence choose past perfect, i.e. had had construction.

RULE:

1. Subject + has had + Present tense construction
2. Subject + had had + Past tense construction

Question 2: Which of the following construction is correct?

1. difficulties in doing something
2. difficulties doing something

Answer:

1. INCORRECT
2. CORRECT